Expert: Trying to keep companies, data secure from cyberattack is hard

The recent data breach suffered by Anthem is further proof that companies are under cyberattack - and find it difficult to keep up with increasing numbers of sophisticated attacks. Many corporations understand they face cybersecurity threats, but can do very little to prevent crippling data breaches.

"For any given unit of time that goes by, the probability of an organization being compromised is trending to 100 percent," said John Hering, co-founder of the Lookout security firm, in a statement to CNBC. "We need to move to a world where security is not reactive, but proactive and predictive."

Financial institutions and medical companies typically have more stringent security protocols in place, but still find it difficult to prevent attacks. Late last year, JPMorgan Chase suffered a data breach that affected millions of customers, with phishing attacks and other threats targeting compromised victims.

Data breaches leave customers and members vulnerable to cyberattack, with their personal information available to cybercriminals - and companies struggle to recover from attacks, while fixing security gaps to prevent future attacks.